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}} The Chemnitz–Riesa railway is a two-track and electrified mainline railway in the German state of Saxony, originally built and operated by the ''Chemnitz-Riesa Railway Company''. The line was opened between 1847 and 1852 and is one of the oldest railways in Germany. The line runs from Riesa via Döbeln to Chemnitz and is part of the Berlin–Chemnitz route. ==History == In 1837, plans were submitted for a rail link from Riesa, a major freight hub on the Elbe river, to Chemnitz and on to Zwickau, which was significant as a coal producing region. After the Leipzig–Dresden railway was opened, connecting the industrial city of Chemnitz to Leipzig and Dresden, even if it involved a detour via Riesa, was given the highest priority. On 9 May 1845 construction started and progressed rapidly on the northern section from Riesa to Döbeln. The line was officially opened on 29 August 1847 and on 22 September 1847 it was extended a short distance to Limmritz. Döbeln initially only had a station in the northern district of Großbauchlitz. The current Döbeln Hauptbahnhof was only opened in its present position after the completion of the Dresden–Döbeln–Leipzig line in 1868. Construction of the section from Limmritz to Waldheim presented major problems. Although work began in 1845, the cost of building viaducts, retaining walls and earthworks in the Zschopau valley quickly put the company into financial distress. Already in 1845 strikes began to occur due to the lack of payment of wages to workers; the revolution of 1848 further complicated construction. As of the line could not be operated profitable without a continuous line to Chemnitz and a loan could not be raised, the ''Chemnitz-Riesa Railway Company'' ((ドイツ語:Chemnitz-Riesaer Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft)) asked to be taken over by the state in 1848. This took place on 31 December 1850 and the company continued construction, so that finally, on 1 September 1852, the whole line could be opened. Even now, the Limmritz–Waldheim section is known as the ''Bankrottmeile'' ("bankruptcy mile"; note that the northern German mile was 7532.5 metres long). A line from Chemnitz to Zwickau was opened as planned by the ''Erzgebirge Railway Company'' (''Erzgebirgischen Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft'') in 1858 (with a branch extending from Glauchau to Gößnitz); as a result the line became known as the ''Lower Erzgebirge State Railway'' (''Niedererzgebirgischen Staatsbahn''). The line now connected not only to the Saxon-Bavarian State Railway (''Sächsisch-Baiersche Eisenbahn-Compagnie''), but also to the Upper Erzgebirge State Railway (''Obererzgebirgischen Staatsbahn'') between Zwickau and Schwarzenberg, Saxony, which also opened in 1858. On 1 January 1859 these lines were named the ''Western State Railways'' (''Westlichen Staatsbahn''). In the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, the Ostrau viaduct was demolished by Prussian pioneers. ''Großbauchlitz'' (''Döbeln Nord'' since 1932) station was connected in 1905 by a 1 km-long trolleybus-like system for freight from Günther’s flour mill; it was replaced in 1914 by a siding. The biggest turning point in the line’s history occurred after 1945. Reparations to the Soviet Union led to the complete dismantling of the second track, which made operating during the next 45 years very difficult on this heavily trafficked mainline route. The second track was restored to operations only in 1990. Prior to the electrification of 1991, the roofs of two "artificial" tunnels (which were built in the early years of the line to avoid rock falls and snow drifts) were removed. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Riesa–Chemnitz railway」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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